Septic tank



FeB. 8 1927.l

1 F. E. wlLsoN v,SEPTIC TANK 2 sheets-sheet 1 Original Filed Dec. 1925 y 1,616,837 F. E. WILSON SEPTI C TANK y Feb.' fs, 1927.;

original Filed'DeG- .5. 1925 2 sheets-sheet 2 YPatented Feb. 8, 1927.

entre@ *sa wenn FREDERIGKE. watson, creeranno, NEW YORK.. Y

SEPTIC TANK.

Application aled'necembe; s, reas, serial fvide a septic tank which is so constructed that the capacity of the tankmay be utilized 1o tobest advantage for-the settling of the sewage and for vthe`b'acteriologbl'fical action With- -in' thetank; also to provide a tank ofthis kind which is'economical to construct and 'eicient in operation `and the, interior df which 'is readily accessible for cleaning out 'or l'for inspection; also "to provide a septic tank 'which maybebuilt'and assembled in a v*factory Y`and 'shipped completely assembled, soitha't no skilled mechanics 'are required at vthe place 'Where the Vtankgis installed; also to provide means `rfor protecting 'a 'tank of "this kind 'against 'the'corrosive'action of the 'materials vWhieh the'tank is designed y"to oo ntain; also vtov `improve Vthe construction of' Z5 septic tanks in other 4respects hereinafter specified: l

lnthe accompanying drawing: A 'Fig'. ilis a top plan view of a 'septi'c'tan'k Y embodying the invention. so Fig. 2 is a sectional'elevation thereof on line .Q 2 Figi.

"Fig, Bis a vsectional plan IView thereof on line 3-8 IlFig. 2.

Fig. 2l is a `fragmentary sectional plan view thereol'on line Fig. 2. y

' Fig. 5 is a sectional elevation' thereof on linee-5 'Fig/4. l l

"hib: 6 is'a sectional :plan View of a septic tank ot slightly modified construction. 'i

40 '7 is a sectional el'evationthereof.

lilig. 8 is a fragmentary perspective 'Viet/v,l

on an enlarged Vscale, of 'the central tube 'or pas-'lage oi the septic tank. l t j The septic tank embodying my invention is preferably cylindrical in form and'forfthis purpose is provided With a cylindrical outer wall A., a bottom wall A anda topfwall A2. l'ntanks of this kindas her'etoireconstructedit was customaryito permit theseivageto ,enter at oneside of the tank -andto bedischarged "from the othersifde thereof, This no. 67851818. 'Renewed september 22, 1924.

arrangement ofthe inlet and outlet relativeyly to each otherfcausesl the sewagetotravel across the tank mainly inthe shortest path andV consequently the parts of the tank'at i .the sides vof this path are of very little use. y eIn. 'order 4to overcome `this 'obj ection the iollowing vconstruction ijs preferably employed. I The-sewage enters into 'the tank thruan inlet ipe B Whichfis arranged at one side ,thereof adjacent to the upper portion of the T e' FilyCE- "tank 'and ithe material discharged "from the ftaink passes thru adisoharge pipe "C, which connects 'with a; central:uprighttubular'mem- Aberor 'passage D vhavinzg*"apertures Vorl openings d at a'distan'ce Vbelow the upper end ojt Y the tubular member D. This central tubular member or passage fl) is "connected with the "side Wall o th'e tank .by means oifafpartition `VWall-or iplate E, the Vouter `portion of VWhich terminates'adja'c'ent to thein'letopening or pipefB. n Tlie'open-i-'ngscl in the-centralit-ube for passage D face substantially 'toward the" inlet lp ipe Bandfthepartition Wall E is in-V i 'terpuoise 'between 1the inletpi e 'B andthe apertures 'din the .central t-u'e sorth'atv the "sewage entieringg` 'the tank through 'theiinlet n "pipe mustpa'ss7 around Vthe cylindricalv tank Tf'fom"lffOffb@ b21-file plate or wanl ne@ .the other side thereof and then upwardly thru the central tubular member D andv out l thru `the'discharge pipey C.

`bringabout"the disintegration of the sewage lmatter Vorm a scum at the upper portion of ."Oiving' to the fact thatithebacteria which the tank, `it is desirable 'that the incoming@ sewage should be conducted to a partoftlie tankf'below thescumlso as not to interfere VVwith thisfscum lwhich lis essei'itial to the suc,- l'cessful foperation of y"the septic tank; For this purpose a second partition'or ldetleetinle Wall Fis provided Whi'chconnects the pardtitionvvall E 'with the outer "Wall A `ot .the "tank in such la manner that vthe partition Walls land F are arranged at opposite sides 'ot'th'e inlet lpipe E and. form a passage "through .'w'vhiehwfth'e L incoming sewage iovs 'to 'appioximately 'the `Vmiddle of the tank, i

since Ithegpartiton' wallil'terminaftes slightly im) fabovethfe'middle ofthetank. The downward "flott/ of the sevrage lbetn'feen l the partitions -F alla una leila-eternas@aan'portale-af .the sewage whichare heavier than water to precipitate at the bottom of the tank. The material after passing thru the space between the partition walls E and F begins to travel around the tank near the outer wall thereof to the opposite side of the baffle wall E. In order to cause the material to take the longest possible path within the tank, a number of radially extending baffles G, G and G2 are preferably provided, three being shown in the construction illustrated, which are secured at their inner ends to the central tubular member D and extend outwardly therefrom', terminating at a distance from the cylindrical wall of the tank. The lastof these'batiies G2 is preferably arranged ad'- jacent to the apertures of the upright tubular member D. e

rlhe liquid from the intermediate portion of the tank between the partition wall E and the baflie G2 is free to pass into the openings CZ and to move upwardly in the tubular member lD and then pass into a trough H connected with the upper end o-f the tube D and which terminates in the discharge tube C, the trough shown being open at the upper end thereof. Consequently the liquid with-V drawn from the tank is takenfrom the intermediate portion thereof and none of the scum, formed Lat the Lipper end of the tank and containing bacteria which should be kept in the tank, will be removed therefrom neither will any of the bacteria from the lower` portionV of the tank be drawn upwardly thru the tube C. urthermore the openings in the tubular member D are so far removed from the inlet pipe of the tank that both the lighter and heavier particles in thesewage have had ample opportunity to either pass to the upper surface or to the bottom of the tank during the flow of the liquid from the inlet pipe to the outlet tube D. v

ln addition to the battle walls described, a plate I' is preferably employed which extends from the central upright tube to the outer wall of the tank and which is arranged approximately intermediate between the up- .per andV lower walls of the tank.

yupper'wall of the tank is preferably so located that it extends substantiallyfrom the middle or axial part of the tank to a point `adjacent to the outer wall tliereofand near the inlet pipe of the tank,as is clearly shown in Figs. l, 2 and 7.A By varranging the manhole inthe position indicated, the inlet to for example as paper, asbestos or analogous material is secured to the vinner surface of the upper parts of the tank and preferably extends a short distance below the Water level, this being preferably done while the Y bituminous or asphaltum coating is ystill hot and in liquid form so that the coating itself binds or seals the layer of flexible material to the tank. In asimilar manner a layer of flexible material M may be secured to the inner face of the coverv portion of the tank. lt has been found that grease, fatty materials and gases do not penetrate through a f layer of material of this kind, and thus damage to the tank at and .above the water line is prevented. If desired, the tank may be again dipped in an enamel or other composition capable of resisting the action of fats and greases as well as of the other liquids contained in the tank, so that any pores or crevices which'may be formed in the bituminous or asphaltum coating during the drying or hardening thereof will be covered. Other means for coating the metal of the tank maybe employed if desired.

ln the construction shown in Figs. 1 to 5 the tubular member D is in the form of a les tube extending from the bottom of the tank to a point above the level of the liquid in the tank and in the modified construction shown inpFigs. 6 to 8 this central upright tube D and the partition welll@ and baffle G2 are replaced by a single U-shaped member P which has a comparatively short leg or end 72, an intermediate half rounded or bent portion p and a longer leg or part p2 forming a partition wall which extends from the axial portion of the tank to the side wall thereof kand corresponds to the partition plate or walll, the short leg 7) correspond` ing to the baille wall G2. ln order to form an upwaiid flow passage in the middle portion of the tank, `the upper part of the rounded portion p of the lll-shaped member lll! laoV

is closed. by means of a partition plate Lf which forms a closed channel or passage with the rounded portion p. The U-sliaped member P extendsrfrom the bottoni of the tankgupwardly to a point above the liquid level of the tank andthe partition plate L extends downwardly from above the liquid level to about the middlep'ortion of the tank to said inlet, a baliie wall extending from said passage toward the cylindrical wall of said tank and extending from above the liquid level to the bottom of the tank, and a partition extending from said partition wall to the cylindrical wall at the other side of said inlet and extending from above the liquid level to a depth intermediate between the upperV and lower ends of the tank to cause sewage entering said tank to pass to the intermediate portion thereof, said intake opening in said central passage being arranged below the liquid level in said tank, to

withdraw liquid from the intermediate portion of the tank.

7. A septic tank including a substantially cylindrical outer wall having an inlet at one side thereof, a partition wall extending from one Side of said inlet toward the axial portion of said tank, a central upright passage arranged at the inner end of said pai'- titionwall and having an intake opening on the side of said iartition wall opposite to said inlet, a baffle wall extending from said passage toward the cylindrical wall of said tank, a partition yextending from said partition wall to the cylindrical wall at the other side of said inlet and extending from above the liquid level to a dept-h intermediate between the upper and lower endsof the tank to cause sewage entering said tank to pass to the intermediate portion thereof, said intake opening in said central passage being arranged below the liquid level in said tank to withdraw liquid from the intermediate portion of the tank, and a baffle plate extending from said central passage to said cylindrical wall and arranged in the intermediate part of said tank and against which the stream of sewage in the intermediate portion of said tank impinges to separate the liquid and solid matters in said tank.

8. A septic tank including a substantially cylindrical outer wall and upper and lower end walls, an inlet adjacent to the upper portion of said cylindrical wall, a partition wall extending from said cylindrical wall at one side of said inlet toward the one side of the axis of said tank, an upright passage axially arranged in said tank and with which said partition wall connects, means cooperating with said inlet to form a downflow passage through which the sewage flows after passing into said tank, said upright passage having an intake opening below the liquid level in said tank and facing the side of said partition wall'opposite to said inlet, and an opening in the upper wall of said tank arranged in vertical alinement with the axial portion of the tank and extending toward said cylindrical wall near said inlet, where by said opening affords access to both sides of said partition wall to said downiow passage, to said inlet opening and to said upright passage,

9. A septic tank having a metallic outer wall, metallic partitions within said tank, an outlet in said tank controlling the level of the liquid'therein, a coating offbituminous material applied to the faces of the metal' of the tank, and a strip of flexible fibrous material secured-to said bituminous materialwhile the same is in liquid condition and Iextending above the water line and a slight distance below the water line in said tank. Y i

l0. A septic tank having a metallic outer wall, metallic partitions within said tank, an outlet in said tank controlling the level of the liquid therein, a coating of bitumi nous material applied to the faces of the metal of the tank, and a'strip of flexible fibrous material secured to said'bituminous material while the same is in liquid condition and'extending a slight distance above and below the water line in said tank and an enamel coating impervious to water and greases covering said bituminous coating and said flexible material.

l1. A septic tank having an inlet at one side thereof, a substantially upright central passage having an intake at one side thereof below the liquid level, an outlet pipe adjacent to the upper portion of said central passagefor maintaining a constant level'of liquid in said tank and said central passage, whereby liquid is withdrawn from the tank from a point below the liquid level therein, and means for causing the material to take a circuitous path around said central passage from said inlet to said intake in said central passage.

12. A septic tank having an inlet for admitting liquid to the tank, a` passage extending downwardly from the inlet to the intermediate portion of the tank and having a partition wall disposed approximately radially of the tank, an outlet for the liquid provided with an intake arranged below the liquid level to cause liquid to be withdrawn from the intermediate portion of the tank between the liquid level therein and the bottom thereof, and having a part extending substantially to the liquid level to maintain substantially constant the liquid level in the tank, and a substantially radial partition wall extending from said intake and spaced from the said first mentioned partition wall and cooperating therewith to provide a substantially radial passageway between' the partition walls. said partition walls being adapted to cause the liquid to How both substantially circumferentially and radially in passing from said inlet to said outlet.

13. A septic tank having an inlet port and a discharge port arranged adjacent the liquidlevel of said tank, and a plurality of baflies in said tank extending upwardly from the bottom of the tank and arranged to permit liquid to flow around all upright Leidse? vedgecf each baffle, said baes havingtheir upper edges above the lli'ql-iid level o5 Jsaid tank and being arranged to causetthe liquid to flow in acircuitous path around'thesides of the baniesbetween said inlet and iclischarge port. Y

. 14. Aseptictank having an inlet port and a. discharge port arranged adjacent the liquid level of said tank, an inlet passage connected to said inlet port adapted to deliver the liquid from said inlet port int-o said tank at a point intermediate the liquid level and bottom of said tank, and a plurality of battles in said tank being arranged to cause the liquid to flow in a circuitous path around the edges of said baille between said inlet and discharge port.

15. A septic tank having an inlet port and a discharge port arranged adjacent the liquid levelof said tank, a; discharge passage connected toV said discharge port adapted to receive the liquid from the tank between the liquid level and bottom thereof and deliver said liquid to said discharge port, and a plurality of baiiles in said tank terminating short of the side walls of said tank and extending from the bottom of said tank to above the liquid level in said tank and adapted to cause said liquid to flow in a circuitous path between said inlet and discharge port.

16. A septic tank having an inlet which is adapted to admit liquid to the tank below the liquid level therein, an outlet yfor the liquid which has a' part extending'substantially to the liquid level and having its intake arranged below the liquid level in the tank to cause the liquid t'o be withdrawn from a part of the tank intermediate between the liquid level therein and the bottom thereof, and a deflecting wall extending upwardly from the bottom of the tank lto a part thereof above the liquid level therein to cause the liquid to travel from said inlet to said outlet in a circuitous path around an upright edge of said wall. Y Y

17. A septic tank having an inlet for admitting liquid to the tank below the liquid level therein, an outlet for the liquid which has an intake arranged Vbelow the liquid level therein, and a part .extending approximately to the liquid level to maintain a substantially constant level of liquid therein and to cause liquid to be discharged from a part of the tank intermediate between the liquid level and the bottom of the tank, and a `detlecting wall which extends from the bottom oic the tank to a part thereof above the liquid level and which is so positioned as to cause the liquid to flow around an upi right edge of said wall and substantially circumierentially in said tank while passing from said inlet to said outlet.

18. A septic tank having an inlet for admitting liquid to the tank below the liquid level therein, yan outlet for therliquid which has fan intake arranged below lthe liquid level therein, -and a par-t extending aplproximately yto the liquidl level to maintain aAsubstantially constant level ofxliqluid therein and cause liquid tobedischarged' trom a .aart of. the tank intermediate ,between the liquid level and the bottom of the tank, and f a plurality of deflecting walls vwhich extend tending inwardly from the wall of said tanky adjacent to one side of one of said ports to cause the liquid to How in a circuitous path in saidtank and extending above the liquidl level therein and a' second baffle connectingY Said lirst mentioned baiitle andthe wall of said tank at the other side of said port and extending from above the liquid 'level therein tol a distance below said liquid level to form a passage between said port and a part ot the tank below the liquid level therein, whereby liquid flowing in saidrpassage will not disturb the upper surface of the liquid in said tank.

20. A septic tank comprising a Single casing having inlet and outlet conduits opening into the casing at spaced points7 said outlet conduit opening into the casing at a level well below the level of its section which de'- termines the maximum level of the liquid 1n the casing, Athe lateral and bottom walls ,of the casing being otherwise closed, and a baflie wall in the casing between the inlet and outlet openings for causing a circuitous travel ofthe sewage through the casing between said conduits. Y

2l. A septic tank comprising a single casing having an inlet conduit and an loutlet conduit, said conduits both opening into the interior of the casing at a level well below the level of the section of the outlet conduit which determines the maximum level 'of the liquid in the casing, the lateral and bottom wallsV of the casing being otherwise closed, and a baille. wall in the casing between the inlet and outlet openings for causing a circuitous travel of sewage through the casing between said conduits.

22. A septic tank comprising a single casing having linlet and'outlet conduits-open'- ing into the casing at spaced points, said outlet conduit opening into the casing at a level well below the level of its section which determines the maximum level-of the liquid in the casing, the lateral and bottom walls of the casing being yotherwise closed, and

baille walls in the casing between the inlet and outlet openings for causing a oircuitous travel of the sewage through the casing between said conduits, one of said bale walls extending from the bottom of the casingV above the maximum liquid level therein and having` an upright edge around which the `sewage flows, and one of said walls having its upper and lower edges spaced from the bottom wall and materially. below the Ina-X- imum level whereby the circuitous passage will vary horizontally and vertically.

FREDERICK E. WILSON. 

